Strain localization of anisotropic sand

Aiming at the characters of strength and strain localization of some anisotropic sand, an anisotropic constitutive model for sand with the method of macro-micro incorporation is employed to analyze the strain localization of sand. A novel anisotropic state employed in the model which is based on the critical state and state-dependent theories and the method of macro-micro incorporation describes the anisotropy of sand. In view of the relationship of fabric and stress state, the model can describe the mechanical characters of anisotropic sand under drained triaxial condition. From the view of sand microstructure, the model can explain the effect on the strength of plane strain tests when the shear band appears. One set of model constants can simulate well the strength responses and inclination angles of shear bands of Toyoura sand under different confining pressures and different bedding planes.