Numerical modeling of liquefaction-induced deformation in sand

A cyclic elasto-plasticity model developed by the authors,which could be used to simulate the large strain development during an entire pre-and post-liquefaction process,had been implemented in an effective stress based and fully coupled finite element program – SWANDYNE II.Three dynamic centrifuge model tests performed in the VELACS project were simulated in this paper using the program.The macroscopic phenomena observed in the physical model tests,such as acceleration series,the generation,diffusion and dissipation of excess pore water pressure,and permanent deformation accumulation,were well reproduced in the numerical models.The calculated stress-strain curves and effective stress paths of typical soil elements in the models were also given by the numerical models,through which the whole liquefaction process of the models could be well understood.