Monitoring effects of sensor-enabled piezoelectric geocable based on sand interface shear tests

In recent years, the distributed real-time monitoring technology for internal deformation of bank slopes has received extensive attention and researches by scholars. However, due to the limitations of such factors as technology, cost and scenarios, there is currently no technology that can achieve large-scale applications. In this regard, a sensor-enabled piezoelectric geocable (SPGC) based on the piezoelectric effects and impedance strain effects is tested, and its monitoring effects are evaluated by obtaining the impedance and voltage signals generated in the SPGC-sand interface shear tests. The test results show that the shear displacement-shear stress curve has a good correspondence with the shear displacement-normalized impedance one (the development of strain softening of soil in the shear zone could be detected). The effective voltage increases proportionally with the increase of the shear rate (the displacement rate of soil in the shear zone can be quantitatively calculated). With the increase of the normal stress and relative compactness, the effective voltage gradually increases, and the normalized impedance gradually decreases (the change of stress of soil in the shear zone can be reflected). The shear displacement-normalized impedance correlation is better described by the bilinear model. The SPGC can realize to locate landslide disasters and identifiy their precursors. It may provide a distributed, low-cost, self-driving solution for the construction and operation monitoring of bank slopes.