Experimental study on pull-out resistance of plate anchors at different buried depths

The plate anchor is widely used because of its good bearing characteristics, but the bearing characteristics are different at different buried depths. In order to study the tensile bearing characteristics of the anchor plate, a self-developed visualized drawing device is used to conduct a drawing model test considering the influences of buried depth and drawing rate. The particle image velocimetry and the digital dynamometer are used to obtain the displacement and shear strain cloud map of packing soil and drawing load of the anchor plate. The results show that the critical buried depth ratio of the anchor plate in dense sand is around four. The drawing process of the shallow-buried anchor plate can be divided into three stages: pre-peak growth, post-peak softening and residual stability. At the pre-peak growth stage, the soil is in local shear failure state, while the soil is in the overall shear failure state at the post-peak softening and residual stability stages. The displacement and shear strain clouds are inverted trapezoidal. The drawing process of the deep-buried anchor plate can be divided into two stages: pre-peak growth stage and post-peak fluctuation stage. In this case, the soil is always in local shear failure, the displacement cloud is in bubble shape distribution, and the shear plane is always in the width of three times of the anchor plate above the anchor plate. The relationship between the dimensionless load and the dimensionless displacement is hyperbolic. This relationship is given and compared with other research results. The shape coefficient-modified Giampa formula can predict the bearing capacity coefficient of the anchor plate well.