Abstract: The effect of engineering construction on the adjacent buildings has become prominent in recent years. The reasons why the existing building foundations have displacement are analyzed from three different aspects based on a typical building dose to a pit, then the results are compared with the field data. Firstly, the effect of jacked piles on the building foundation is studied based on the relevant theory. Secondly, the influence of excavation on the uneven settlement of the buildings induced by newly adjacent foundation excavation is simulated by means of the Plaxis FEM program. Finally, the uneven settlement of foundation induced by the existing adjacent buildings is studied. The results show that the uneven settlement of foundation is mainly caused by soil consolidation and the existing adjacent buildings, rather than the new project construction. For the similar engineering problems, various factors should be taken into consideration, rather than to be simply attributed to a new project. This study may be a reference for similar cases.