Abstract: During the construction of deep foundation pits of subway, because of the engineering geological conditions and environment, the deformation rules of the deep foundation pits greatly differ. A deep foundation pit is taken as an example. Based on the actual monitoring data of the deformation of row pile retaining structures, the deformation rules of the retaining structure s during every construction stage of the deep foundation pit are analyzed by means of numerical simulations. The results indicate that at the beginning of excavating the foundation pit, the curve of retaining piles linearly changes. With the excavation of foundation pit and the erection of steel braces, the curve is in the shape of bow. The maximum horizontal displacement happens at the 2/3 depth of the pit. It can provide the reference for the optimization design and scientific construction of similar deep foundation pits.