Abstract: By analyzing the simulated temperature field of frozen-soil foundation with embankment in different structures, the embankment cooling effect and some important factors and their relationship are studied. The factors include embankment structure, temperature in block-stone layer, convection Rayleigh number ( Ra) and the critical Rayleigh number ( Ra _c ) of different convection patterns. The research results show that the air convection pattern of block-stone in winter is the most important key factors influencing the cooling effect of embankment, and the block-stone embankment structure in which the air convection patterns are mainly (1,1) and (2,1) in winter has the strongest cooling effect on frozen soil foundation.