Abstract: In the water resources projects of the west route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project associated with the development of Chinese western regions,four most representative problems in the field of geotechnical engineering were put forward,including engineering problems of loess,frozen soils and other special soils,geological disasters of deep-buried long tunnels and their forecast problems,safety problems of deformation,stability and earthquake resistance of high earth-rock dams,and engineering problems of deep alluvial layers and their treatment technology.The current research status,development trends and future prospects of these geotechnical engineering problems encountered in the construction of water resources projects in the western region of China were discussed.