砂土地基承载力离心模型试验中的粒径效应研究
Particle size effects on bearing capacity of sandy ground in centrifugal tests
-
摘要: 通过对原型的模拟结果进行总结,得出对于承载力试验只要离心试验中的模型基础宽度与重力场试验中的不同,离心模型试验结果总大于重力场试验结果,即离心试验中总是存在粒径效应问题。随着模型基础宽度与地基材料平均粒径比值的增大,离心试验结果逐渐接近重力场试验结果;当比值足够大时,离心试验结果趋于稳定且与重力场试验结果之差可忽略不计。因此,可以利用模型的模拟的方法,讨论离心模型试验中的粒径效应问题。在一系列砂土地基上条形基础地基承载力的离心模型试验中,使模型基础宽度与地基材料平均粒径的比值在较大范围内变化,即最大比值为最小比值的5倍,且其变化范围的上限达291。基于试验结果导入评价粒径效应对试验结果影响程度的指标,定量地讨论了离心模型试验中的粒径效应问题。本试验结果表明,当模型基础宽度与地基材料平均粒径的比大于233时,粒径效应对试验结果的影响小于1%,基本可忽略不计。Abstract: According to modeling of prototype,it was deduced that as long as the footings used in centrifugal and gravitational tests were different,the bearing capacity obtained in centrifugal tests was always larger than that obtained in gravitational tests,namely particle size effects always existed in centrifugal tests.And with the ratio of footing width to mean particle diameter increasing,the results of centrifugal tests were gradually close to those of gravitational tests.When the ratio was large enough,the difference between the centrifugal and gravitational tests would be so small could be be ignored.So using modeling of models,a series of loading tests using Toyoura sand were conducted in a centrifuge to determine the particle size effects on bearing capacity of strip footings.In the tests,the model footing width was changed on a larger scale,and the ratio of the maximum width to the minimum was 5.The upper limit of the ratio is 291.Based on the test results,an index was introduced to quantitatively measure the influence of particle size effects on the test results.And the influence decreased with the increase of the ratio of footing width to mean particle diameter.In the tests,particle size effects on the results could be ignored when the ratio of footing width to mean particle diameter was larger than 233.