Abstract: The decision of treatment schemes of slopes is a comprehensive judgement with multi objective and multi hierarchy.The traditional Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)needs the identity test.In this paper,the traditional AHP is improved by means of optimal transfer matrix,and the improved AHP of treatment decision schemes of slopes is set up.The judgement matrix obtained by this method can naturally meet the requirement of identity,so the identity test is not needed.At last,the method is applied to the treatment of a critical rock slope,and its application is discussed in detail.