Abstract: Deformation stability of reservoir bank slope is an important part of safe operation of high dams and reservoirs. Studies have shown that the deterioration of rock mass in the water level fluctuation zone caused by water-rock interaction has become one of the important factors affecting the stability of bank slope deformation. However, the environmental conditions of the rock mass on the bank slope are very complex. On the one hand, it is the periodic rise and fall of water pressure and the immersion-air-drying cycle caused by the rise and fall of the reservoir water level. On the other hand, it is the long-term effect of the stress of the overlying rock. In order to solve the bottleneck in the experimental simulation of the coupled effect of complex hydraulic environment and stress environment in the rock mass of the bank slope, based on the development of a series of water-rock interaction test equipment, the YRQ-1000 rock stress and water-rock coupling interaction test system was developed. It is mainly composed of water pressure loading system and control unit, dynamic and static water simulation control unit, drying and air drying device and control unit, axial stress loading and testing unit, axial and radial deformation testing unit and software control unit. The test system realizes the real simulation of the axial stress and water pressure, and the cyclic coupling of the soaking-air-drying process. A series of verification test results show that the test system can meet the requirements of creep test of rock under the coupling action of reservoir water pressure and stress, and rock creep test under the action of stress and water-rock coupling. The stress, water pressure loading and control during the test meet the stability requirements, the test working condition of each parameter is good, and the overall operation of the test system is reliable. The development of the test system provides a good test platform for the analysis of the damage and deterioration effect and mechanism of the rock mass on the bank slope caused by the impoundment and long-term operation of the high dam reservoir.