Abstract: Closely inline with the urgent needs of long-term safety regulation of major water conservancy and hydropower projects in China, the dynamic evolution and coupling mechanism of seepage field, stress field and parameter field (geotechnical mechanical performance parameters and functional indexes of reinforcement system) in the reservoir area and project area are deeply studied under the conditions of excavation and unloading, reservoir water storage, water level alternation, flood discharge rain and fog and climate change in the reservoir area, and the theory and method for predicting the change trend of geological environment are established and formed. The mutual feeding mechanism between different structures (reservoir bank slope, high dam rock foundation and large underground cavern group) and the geological environment is systematically studied, the dynamic analysis method and regulation technology of working properties of structures are improved and developed based on the evolution of geological environment, and the complete set of long-term life extension equipment and construction method of reinforcement system (especially anchorage system) adapted to the changing environment is developed, and it is demonstrated and applied in practical engineering.