Abstract: It is essential that the shield tunnel lining is evaluated scientifically and reasonably for ensuring the safe operation of the train. In view of the fact that the current evaluation methods cannot quantitatively evaluate the tunnel lining well, an evaluation method is proposed for the resilience of shield tunnel linings considering multiple disturbances based on the resilience theory. First, the method for the resilience indices of the tunnel linings is obtained by establishing a multi-stage resilience analysis model. Secondly, according to different responses of the tunnel linings under the loading and unloading conditions, the performance indices of tunnel linings for the corresponding conditions are proposed. On this basis, the classification standard for the resilience of the tunnel linings is defined. Then, the effects of the performance recovery degree of the linings and reinforcement decision-making time on the tunnel resilience are discussed. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the case of the new parallel tunnels under-crossing existing tunnels. The results show that the resilience indices obtained by using different lining performance indices are obviously different. For the tunnel projects under-crossing existing tunnels, only taking the convergence deformation as the performance indices of the tunnel structure will cause the calculated results to be high, that is, the lining resilience is overestimated. From the case, it is seen that more attention should be paid to the tunnel settlement and the differential settlement of the track slab should be paid more attention to, especially the differential settlement of the track slab. The research results may provide important references for the safety assessment of shield tunnels.