Abstract: Based on the compression-rebound tests on peaty soil, the basic laws of compression and rebound deformation are studied. Analysis is focused on the range and change regularities of compressibility and resilience parameters of peaty soil. The test results show that the compression and swelling index of peaty soil are far greater than those of inorganic soft soil, and along with the increase of organic matter content, the values of both parameters increase significantly. The ratio of C_c/C_e is 5.66 in average. During the unloading-rebound process, when the unloading ratio is higher than 0.5, the rebound deformation increases obviously, and when higher than 0.9, it increases sharply. Moreover, it is shown that, with a rise of the unloading ratio, the rebound deformation ratio increases as a form of power function and the rebound modulus decreases linearly, in addition, the corresponding fitting relationships are established to estimate the resilience parameters of peaty soil.