Abstract: The separation of structural foundation and foundation soil, namely the foundation uplift, is inevitable in strong earthquakes, so the concept of rocking isolation is gradually proposed. Based on this idea, two types of models for frame structure are designed: the conventional foundation frame structure and the rocking frame structure. The influence effects of the two types of structures on the site soil and their own seismic responses are compared and analyzed based on the shaking table test data. The test results show that: (1) Due to the limited uplift amount and range of the structural foundation, the uplift effect has no significant influences on the spectral characteristics of the structure, but mainly affects the vertical acceleration response amplitude. (2) The seismic wave type has a significant influence on foundation uplift effect. The impulse seismic wave causes the largest uplift, but the least numbers. (3) Compared with that of the conventional frame structure, the influence of rocking frame structure on the site soil seismic response is more significant, and the high frequency components of its own response are more abundant. The research results have certain reference significance for exploring the seismic response law of rocking structure.