Abstract: A large-scale slope model is built by pouring for the first time, and the shaking table tests on the similarity model are conducted. The strain of two anchorage interfaces is obtained under the earthquake, and the seismic responses of anchor bolts and mortar of the bedding rock slope with weak layer are studied. The results show that responding to the slope deformation under the earthquake, the anchoring role of the anchorage systems works, the systems' strain increases with the continuous input of seismic waves and then reaches the peak value, and finally they fail. The strain response of anchor bolts is continuously enhanced, while the mortar cracks because of brittleness, which leads to a reduction in the tension and shear of the mortar, and a restriction on the strain response. The strain response of bolts under earthquake can be divided into four stages: tension-compression recirculation stage, tension stage, intensive oscillation stage and residual strain stage. The strain response of mortar can be divided into three stages: tension-compression recirculation stage, tension stage and failure stage. Besides, the role and the transfer law of force in anchored slopes under earthquake are analyzed. This research may provide important reference for the theoretical research, numerical simulation and seismic design and construction of ground anchorages.