Abstract: In order to isolate vibration, the conventional attenuation method is to decease the stiffness and to increase the damp in the civil engineering structures. But those materials are almost rubber products. However, the rubber products will be easy to degenerate and not be conveniently exchanged because their service life is limited, and the durability of isolation of the rubber products will be obviously affected. The propagation characteristics of elastic wave in composite materials are introduced. Their band gap periodic structures are validated by laboratory tests. The model of metro bed of the composite materials of periodic structures is derived by the theoretical method. The laboratory and calculated results demonstrate that the new type high polymer concrete metro bed material has obviously attenuation features for the real metro vibration signal as inputting signal. This study will provide the theoretical foundation and new technology path for long-term vibration attenuation of engineering structures.