Abstract: The method for artificially prepared lead-contaminated soil is used to prepare soil samples with different cement contents and lead concentrations. The effects of carbonation on the permeability of cement-solidified/stabilized lead-contaminated soil are studied. The relationship between the pore structures under the microscopic and the coefficient of permeability are compared. The results show that when the cement content is 7.5%, the carbonization increases the coefficient of permeability. When the cement content is 15%, the coefficient of permeability decreases under carbonization. The higher the lead concentration, the higher the coefficient of permeability of the sample, and the carbonization increases the permeability coefficient of the sample. The increase in the cement content significantly reduces the porosity of the sample. The porosity and coefficient of permeability of the sample increase under carbonization. The increase of the cement content significantly reduces the porosity of the sample. The carbonization increases the pore size of the sample with a pore diameter of less than 0.1 μm, and decreases the pore size of more than 0.1 μm.