Abstract: The relationship among aircraft moving loads, pavement structures, characteristics of foundation soils and influence depths of soil foundations is accounted in the design of airport runways. Based on the international smoothness index and the theory of layered elastic system, a dynamic analysis model considering the moving loads of pavement structures, soil foundations and aircrafts is established. The distribution laws of the maximum additional dynamic stress on the top surface of soil foundations caused by different pavement structures and different aircraft types are systematically analyzed. The lateral influence range of the maximum additional dynamic stress and its variation with depth in the process of aircraft movement are obtained. The research results can provide theoretical basis and reference for the design and optimization of airport runways.