Experimental study on artificial recharge of second Tianjin silt and silty sand micro-confined aquifer
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摘要: 天津、上海等地已尝试采用回灌措施控制基坑降水引起的承压含水层水头下降及引起的沉降,然而目前回灌理论尚缺乏研究,在粉土粉砂微承压含水层中进行回灌的可行性也急需研究。因此本文在邻近天津某地铁基坑工程的场地外开展了一系列单井回灌、群抽群灌试验以及单抽单灌现场试验。试验结果表明,在粉土、粉砂为主的土层进行回灌是可行的。采用抽水试验得到的水文地质参数可以用于预测回灌的水位抬升,但是相同流量下,在距中心井较近距离内（约5~7 m内）,回灌产生的水位上升值显著大于抽水导致的水位降落值。加压回灌可以显著提高回灌效率。回灌量与抽水量维持在相近水平可以有效控制周边地表及建筑物沉降。当回灌停止后,周边地表沉降有快速发展的趋势,因此在实际工程中,抽水停止后应适当延长回灌时间,逐步减小回灌量,使地下水位逐步回稳,避免抽灌活动结束后沉降的快速发展。采用双井组合回灌技术可有效的控制回灌井回扬时引起的含水层水位的下降。Abstract: The recharge measures are used to try to control the settlement and head down of the confined aquifers caused by the pumping of the foundation pits in Tianjin, Shanghai and other regions. However, the researches on the theory of recharge are still deficient, and the feasibility of recharging in the micro-confined aquifer of silt and sandy silt is also urgently needed. Therefore, a series of single-well recharge tests, group-pumped and group-recharge tests and double-combined recharge tests near a subway foundation pit project in Tianjin are carried out. The test results show that it is feasible to recharge in silt and fine sand as the main component of the soil layer, and the pumping theory can be used to predict the change of the water level in confined aquifers caused by recharge in practical engineering within a certain range. The hydrogeological parameters obtained by the pumping tests can be used to predict the rise of the water level of the recharge, but at the same flow rate, the uplift of the water level generated by recharge is significantly greater than the drawdown of the water level caused by pumping within the distance from the center well (about 5 ~ 7 m). The pressurized recharge can improve the efficiency remarkably. The amounts of recharge and pumping at a similar level can effectively control the settlements of the surrounding surface and buildings. The surrounding surface subsidence has a rapid development trend when the recharge is stopped. In practical engineering, in order to avoid such a settlement trend with rapid growth, the recharge time is properly extended after pumping is stopped, the amount of recharge is gradually reduced, and the groundwater level is gradually stabilized so as to avoid the rapid development of settlements at the end of pumping and recharge. The twin-well combined recharge technique can be used to control the decline of the water level of aquifers caused by the discharge of the recharge well.
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