基于颗粒流程序的仿真节理岩体模型及其应用
Numerical model for jointed rock mass in particle flow code and its application
-
摘要: 为实现采矿巷道周边节理网络的仿真模拟以及节理岩体中巷道的稳定性分析,构建了包含颗粒流块体模型、原生节理网络和次生节理网络的仿真节理岩体模型。针对岩体内部次生节理产状和面积不可准确测量的难题,提出了卸荷作用下次生节理产状和面积的计算方法:根据开挖前后应力张量变化计算卸荷方向,利用Fisher分布函数生成围绕在卸荷方向附近的随机节理产状;监测卸荷前后颗粒中储存能量的变化,计算节理面积和半径。通过布置测线方式获得巷道中原生节理密度和产状信息,利用Monte-Carlo方法实现对原生节理的重建;利用次生节理计算方法实现次生节理网络的建立,从而建立仿真节理网络以及仿真节理岩体模型。计算结果显示:无节理模型中顶板和底板先破坏,以张拉破坏为主;而在仿真节理岩体模型中节理部位最先破坏,原生节理以剪切破坏为主,次生节理以张拉破坏为主,在高应力作用下巷道周边基本全部破坏,需整体支护且重点在左右两帮。该计算方法可为节理岩体中巷道的稳定性计算提供参考及建议。Abstract: To simulate the joint network around mining tunnels and to conduct the stability analysis of tunnels in jointed rock mass, a numerical model for jointed rock mass containing particle flow block model, original joint network and secondary joint network is established. As the orientation and area of internal secondary joints are unmeasurable, a method for calculating the secondary joint orientation and area under unloading is put forward. The unloading direction is calculated according to the change of stress tensor before and after excavation, and the stochastic joint orientation is generated around the unloading direction through the Fisher distribution function. The area and radius of joints are calculated through the change of energy stored in particles. The density and orientations of the original joints in tunnels are measured through surveying lines, and the original joint network is rebuilt by using the Monte-Carlo method. The secondary joint network is rebuilt by using the secondary joint method. Finally, the realistic joint network and jointed rock mass model are established. The calculated result shows that the tensile failure firstly occurs at the top and bottom of the tunnel without joint network, while failure firstly occurs around the oints in the realistic jointed rock mass model. The original joints are mainly sheared to failure, and the failure mode around secondary joints is mainly tensile failure. Failure occurs mainly at the rim of the tunnel, which should be supported firstly. The two side walls of the tunnel should be also supported in particular. This study may provide reference and advice for tunnel calculation in jointed rock mass.