不等轴双向拉应变下有纺织物孔径变化试验研究
Experimental study on pore size characteristics of woven geotextiles subjected to unequal biaxial tensile strains
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摘要: 有纺土工织物的孔径特征是反滤设计的重要指标。工程中有纺织物常处于不等轴双向受拉状态,引起孔径变化,导致织物反滤性能失效。采用数字图像法测试了不等轴双向拉应变下,3种条膜有纺织物的孔径参数变化,包括孔洞长宽比、开孔面积率、等效孔径(O95)等。对比经纬向应变比2∶1,3∶1,4∶1对试验结果的影响,根据孔径特征变化规律,揭示不等轴双向拉伸引起孔径变化的机理。运用图像法试验结果,验证已推导的双向应变下开孔面积率及孔径理论解。试验结果表明:开孔面积率、等效孔径(O95)均随双向拉应变的增大而增大。纬向应变相同时,经纬向应变比越大,孔洞形态(即孔洞长宽比)变化越大,开孔面积率及孔径变化的斜率越大。理论解较好地预测了开孔面积率及孔径的变化率及数值,孔径参数与双向拉应变呈现近似线性关系。但理论解的孔径计算以孔面积为指标,无法考虑应变比造成的孔形态变化对反滤作用的影响。Abstract: The pore size characteristics are the important parameters in filtration design of woven geotextiles. The filtration applications are typically subjected to unequal biaxial tensile strains, which can cause variations of pore size characteristics and result in the failure of filtration engineering. The digital image analysis is adopted to test the variations of pore size parameters under unequal biaxial tensile strains of 3 slit-film woven geotextiles. The parameters include length-width ratio of pores, percent open area, and characteristics opening size O95. The ratios of warp to weft strains are set to be 2∶1, 3∶1 and 4∶1. The analytical solutions of pore size parameters corresponding to the biaxial strains are compared with the experimental results. The results indicate that the percent open area and O95 increase with the tensile strains. The larger the ratio of warp to weft strain is, the larger the rate of the curves of pore size parameters is, and the larger the change of length-width ratio of pores. The analytical results correlate well with the experimental values and the rates of variations, and the pore size parameters change approximately linearly with biaxial tensile strains. And the calculation of pore size in the analytical solutions depends on the area of pores, neglecting the variation of the shape of pores.