Abstract: According to the mechanical behavior and the deformation failure mechanism of layered rock mass, an anisotropic constitutive model for layered rock mass is established to reflect the transversely isotropic characteristics based on the FLAC^3D platform. In the light of layered structure feature and deformation characteristics, the failure modes can be divided into interlaminar failure and rock damage. The former is subdivided into interlaminar crack, slip along bedding and bending failure, and the latter is subdivided into tensile failure and shear failure. Then the criteria of various failure modes and the corresponding modified methods for new stresses are proposed. The program is used to analyze the stability of the surrounding rock of underground sluice buildings on the right bank of a hydropower station. The comparison of the calculated results of isotropic and layered anisotropic constitutive model indicates that .the altitude of bedding planes of layered rock mass plays a control role on the deformation distribution, failure mode and the propagation direction of plastic zones.